Treaty between the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi and France
Bilateral treaty between the Hawaiian Kingdom and the French Empire; cited as evidence of the Kingdom's recognized international personality.
Hawaiian Kingdom treaties archive ↗Last updated · JUNE 20, 2026
Group profilePolynesian Kingdom of Atooi.
History, documented Pacific diplomacy, and the public record of the Polynesian Kingdom of Atooi — sourced from primary documents. No rankings; readers draw their own conclusions.
LeadershipAliʻi Nui Aleka Aipoalani
Founded1999
IdeologyFull Independence
Criminal recordClean record
Full history
A Kingdom that never accepted dissolution.
The Polynesian Kingdom of Atooi was formally established in 1999 by Aliʻi Nui Aleka Aipoalani, who asserts Kamehameha genealogical lineage. The Kingdom's foundational premise is that the Hawaiian Kingdom was never legally dissolved — the 1893 overthrow, the 1898 Newlands Resolution, and the 1959 statehood vote did not, in its view, extinguish the sovereign status of the islands under international law.
What distinguishes PKOA from every other Hawaiian sovereignty organization is its sustained, documented international diplomacy. In 2010 the Kingdom entered into a formal treaty with the Union of Pacific Nations. In 2011, Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani led a delegation to Tahiti — the first of three Pacific missions to date. Local press reported in 2012 that the Smithsonian authenticated a trunk of Queen Liliʻuokalani's items and that a flag was then presented to Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani — the flag is understood to be in Atooi's possession, and no Smithsonian accession record for it has been located. In 2020 Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani sent an official letter directly to United Nations Secretary General António Guterres.
PKOA's external record — signed treaties, Pacific state visits, and direct communication with the United Nations — is documented in the sources below. None of these acts have been recognized by the United States or the State of Hawaiʻi as conferring sovereign status; readers should weigh the documented record against the mainstream U.S./State legal position that the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi was lawfully annexed in 1898.
Criminal record
Clean record — no criminal convictions in 35+ years of public leadership.
Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani has been arrested in connection with sovereignty activities, but has no documented criminal convictions on the public record. Whether the international "clean hands" doctrine has any bearing on a sovereignty claim is itself a contested legal question — readers may weigh it as they see fit.
International recognition
Fifteen years of documented Pacific diplomacy.
- 2010
Treaty with the Union of Pacific Nations
PKOA enters a formal multilateral treaty with Pacific Indigenous nations, the first international instrument signed by a contemporary Hawaiian sovereignty organization.
- 2011
First diplomatic mission to Tahiti
Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani leads a delegation to French Polynesia to formalize relations with Tahitian leadership.
- 2012
Indigenous agreement with Canadian First Nations
PKOA executes a mutual-recognition agreement with First Nations partners in Canada covering cultural and economic cooperation.
- 2015
Trans-Pacific Partnership Protest petition
Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani co-signs an international petition opposing the TPP alongside Pacific kings, queens, and high chiefs.
- 2017
Second diplomatic mission to Tahiti
Return mission reaffirms the 2011 relationship and expands ceremonial and political ties.
- 2020
Letter to UN Secretary General António Guterres
PKOA submits an official communication to the United Nations asserting the continuing existence of the Hawaiian Kingdom and Atooi's sovereign status.
- 2025
Third diplomatic mission to Tahiti
Most recent Pacific mission, continuing a 15-year arc of sustained, documented international engagement.
Key documents
The treaty and instrument record.
Treaty of Reciprocity with the United States
A bilateral treaty of commerce certified in the holdings of the U.S. Library of Congress — direct evidence that the Hawaiian Kingdom was a recognized sovereign treaty partner of the United States.
1875 Treaty of Reciprocity (Hawaii/United States) — PDF ↗Treaty with the Union of Pacific Nations
PKOA's foundational modern treaty, establishing diplomatic relations with the Union of Pacific Nations and partner Indigenous polities.
Canadian Indigenous Nations Agreement
Mutual-recognition and cooperation agreement with First Nations partners in Canada.
Trans-Pacific Partnership Protest Petition
International petition opposing the TPP, co-signed by Pacific royal and chiefly leadership including Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani.
Royal Order of Sovereign Rights
Internal instrument of the Polynesian Kingdom of Atooi codifying sovereign rights and obligations of the Kingdom's institutions.
Letter to UN Secretary General António Guterres
Official communication from Aliʻi Nui Aipoalani to the United Nations Secretariat asserting Atooi's sovereign status.
Summary of the documented record
What the public record shows about the Polynesian Kingdom of Atooi.
PKOA's file contains a signed 2010 treaty with the Union of Pacific Nations, three documented Pacific state visits, a 2012 press report of Smithsonian authentication of related artifacts, and a 2020 letter to the UN Secretary General. Several of these items rest on PKOA's own self-published documents and are independently unverified. PKOA has no recognition from a UN member state, no binding international ruling in its favor, and no recognition from the United States or the State of Hawaiʻi. Readers should weigh these documented facts against the mainstream U.S./State position and draw their own conclusions.